Single and double-wall corrugated structures were studied to improve structural strength as well as to sustain aerodynamic loads.

Recently, lattice structures for morphing wing skin have gained enormous attention as a result of their material compliancy in cellular structures. Composite skin is one of techniques which are expected to overcome this challenge through the advancement of material aspects. made another comprehensive survey of flexible skins that use composite lattice materials.

made an extensive survey into skin morphing structures and showed that an interdisciplinary approach is required through analysis to bring morphing technology into maturity, although most of the references reviewed in the paper focus on either in-plane structural stress-relevant skin design only or find an equivalent material satisfying in-plane structural stress. Many works in the design of skins for morphing wings, which often use smart materials, consider only geometric or static deformations but not dynamic ones.

Free 3d wings model